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Then you can decide which charger to use. You should run an analysis of the degree of sulfation on the battery using an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test on it or a three minute charge test. This is due to the higher efficiencies and smaller sizes and weights that a high frequency charger offers over ferroresonant and SCR types. If they are heavily sulfated, you will not entirely remove the sulfate and the stuff you do remove, will also take some of the sponge lead or lead peroxide with it and the battery will be less effective. type chargers, which have been in existence for many years, new high frequency battery charging technologies is making headways into the industrial battery charger markets. My personal belief from working with batteries is that if they are lightly sulfated, pulse charging will help restore the battery. This paper examines whether the difference exists when the only high frequency pulse is introduced to a lead-acid battery charger, and when continuously. The application of pulse current in LIBs could be divided into four aspects: (1) constructing stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film, (2) speeding the charging rate, (3) warming up the cold battery and (4) inhibiting the growth of lithium dendrites. A pulse charger of low amperage is recommended when the battery is medium to heavily sulphated and we want to try and knock the sulfation off the plates and restore the battery. If the battery is fairly new and/or in very good condition (low-sulfation), we would tend to use a smooth charge. No other known battery charging or battery maintenance system has these specific characteristics. 'This waveform has a strictly controlled rise time, pulse-width, frequency and amplitude of current and voltage pulse. The automotive industry which I am part of, uses both types of charging. 'What makes Pulse Technology so unique and effective is a distinct pulse waveform,' said Miller. Instead of using this Warburg impedance, additional. I have to agree with Ian on most of this. It describes the low-frequency behaviour of the battery below 1.
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